JAVA

Introduction

Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995.Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which has since merge into Oracle Corporation).Java programs are platform independent which means they can be run on any operating system with any type of processor as long as the Java interpreter is available on that system.Java code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another platform, it’s called write once, run anywhere(WORA).

Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes Java code, but is written in platform specific languages such as C/C++/ASM etc. JVM is not written in Java and hence cannot be platform independent and Java interpreter is actually a part of JVM.

History of Java

This language was developed at SUN Microsystems in the year 1995 under the guidance of James Gosling and their team

Sun Microsystems Started by a group of the students who are studying in Standard University. These people found the problem in their room with electronic consumable remote. That means one electronic consumable control doesn't work on another electronics consumable. These people want to develop a common remote control which is controlling all the electronic consumables so they contact James Gosling and requested for the projects. Sun Microsystems started by a group of students out of them one person also Indian whose name Vinode Khosla.

James Gosling and his team members given the project name as Green started in the year 1990 and common remote control completed in the year 1992.The James Gosling team develops a new language called as OAK But this name is already selected by any other company renamed as Java, but Java has no meaning representation of Island in Indonesia. The unofficial abbreviation of Java is Just Another Virtual Analyzer (JAVA).

Java Version History

Now a day 8 versions of java are released, which is listed below with realizing date.

JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)

JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan, 1996)

JDK 1.1 (19th Feb, 1997)

J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec, 1998)

J2SE 1.3 (8th May, 2000)

J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb, 2002)

J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep, 2004)

Java SE 6 (11th Dec, 2006)

Java SE 7 (28th July, 2011)

Java SE 8 (18th March, 2014)

Java SE 9(21st September 2017)

 

 Applications of Java Program

Types of Applications that Run on Java

1. Desktop GUI Applications:

Java provides GUI development through various means like Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT), Swing and JavaFX.

2. Mobile Applications:

Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME or J2ME) is a cross-platform framework to build applications that run across all Java supported devices, including feature phones and smart phones.

3. Embedded Systems:

Embedded systems, ranging from tiny chips to specialized computers, are components of larger electromechanical systems performing dedicated tasks. Several devices, such as SIM cards, blue-ray disk players, utility meters and televisions, use embedded Java technologies.

4. Web Applications:

Java provides support for web applications through Servlets, Struts or JSPs. 

5. Web Servers and Application Servers:

The Java ecosystem today contains multiple Java web servers and application servers.  While Apache Tomcat, Simple, Jo!, Rimfaxe Web Server (RWS) and Project Jigsaw dominate the web server space, WebLogic, WebSphere, and Jboss EAP dominate commercial application server space.

6. Enterprise Applications:

Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) is a popular platform that provides API and runtime environment for scripting and running enterprise software, including network applications and web-services.

7. Scientific Applications:

Java is the choice of many software developers for writing applications involving scientific calculations and mathematical operations. These programs are generally considered to be fast and secure.

Different Editions of Java Technology

Java SE – Java SE or Java Standard Edition provides tools and API’s that you can use to create server applications, desktop applications, and even applets. These programs developed using Java SE can be run on almost every popular operating system.

JEE – Based on the foundation framework of the standard edition, Java Enterprise Edition helps in web application service, component model and enterprise class service oriented architecture (SOA).

JME – Java Micro Edition or JME for short is an accumulation of Java APIs that are used for the development of software for devices like mobile phones, PDAs, TV set-top boxes, game programming.